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- ItemA principal component analysis on marketing 2.0 on business performance in ghana(KNUST, 2023) Mensah-Aboagye Aaron. The study analysed the impact of marketing 2.0 on business performance in Ghana. Marketing 2.0 has become an integral part of most business' communication strategies, and for a long time, marketing had been mainly focused on the traditional aspect, but has since adapted to ii new contexts such as online platforms, with the emergence of user generated content. Again, marketing 2.0, which involves interactive communication between consumers and businesses. Many supermarkets perceive social media as unprofitable, as they are unaware of its benefits in terms of customer relations and ROI. The study focused on a Principal Component Analysis of marketing 2.0 and its effect on business performance in Ghana. Questionnaires (Likert scale questionnaire was used for data collection) would be employed. Secondary data would be retrieved from journals and scientific reports, articles, academic papers. Data gathered was presented in tables and bar charts using Business Management Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 for hypothesis testing, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Data was collected from 240 workers of Nestle Ghana Limited - Accra Metropolis. Convenience sampling method was used to select the respondents. Data was analysed quantitatively. The results revealed that there is very strong positive correlation between marketing 2.0 and supermarket performance. The correlation values were 0.00 denoting statistically significant relationship as marketing 2.0 is the latest trend in marketing that focuses on leveraging digital and social media platforms to reach customers and drive sales. It involves using a customercentric approach to engage with customers, personalizing content and messaging, and leveraging data to create more effective campaigns. Therefore, it was recommended that researching on how digital technologies can be used to boost supermarket performance is essential as technology develops further and new digital solutions become accessible. Key The study analysed the impact of marketing 2.0 on business performance in Ghana. Marketing 2.0 has become an integral part of most business' communication strategies, and for a long time, marketing had been mainly focused on the traditional aspect, but has since adapted to ii new contexts such as online platforms, with the emergence of user generated content. Again, marketing 2.0, which involves interactive communication between consumers and businesses. Many supermarkets perceive social media as unprofitable, as they are unaware of its benefits in terms of customer relations and ROI. The study focused on a Principal Component Analysis of marketing 2.0 and its effect on business performance in Ghana. Questionnaires (Likert scale questionnaire was used for data collection) would be employed. Secondary data would be retrieved from journals and scientific reports, articles, academic papers. Data gathered was presented in tables and bar charts using Business Management Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 for hypothesis testing, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Data was collected from 240 workers of Nestle Ghana Limited - Accra Metropolis. Convenience sampling method was used to select the respondents. Data was analysed quantitatively. The results revealed that there is very strong positive correlation between marketing 2.0 and supermarket performance. The correlation values were 0.00 denoting statistically significant relationship as marketing 2.0 is the latest trend in marketing that focuses on leveraging digital and social media platforms to reach customers and drive sales. It involves using a customercentric approach to engage with customers, personalizing content and messaging, and leveraging data to create more effective campaigns. Therefore, it was recommended that researching on how digital technologies can be used to boost supermarket performance is essential as technology develops further and new digital solutions become accessible.
- ItemA principal component analysis on marketing 2.0 on business performance in ghana(KNUST, 2023) Mensah Aaron AboagyeThe study analyzed the impact of marketing 2.0 on business performance in Ghana. Marketing 2.0 has become an integral part of most business' communication strategies, and for a long time, marketing had been mainly focused on the traditional aspect, but has since adapted to ii new contexts such as online platforms, with the emergence of user generated content. Again, marketing 2.0, which involves interactive communication between consumers and businesses. Many supermarkets perceive social media as unprofitable, as they are unaware of its benefits in terms of customer relations and roi. The study focused on a principal component analysis of marketing 2.0 and its effect on business performance in Ghana. Questionnaires (likert scale questionnaire was used for data collection) would be employed. Secondary data would be retrieved from journals and scientific reports, articles, academic papers. Data gathered was presented in tables and bar charts using business management statistical package for social sciences version 26 for hypothesis testing, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Data was collected from 240 workers of nestle Ghana limited - Accra metropolis. Convenience sampling method was used to select the respondents. Data was analyzed quantitatively. The results revealed that there is very strong positive correlation between marketing 2.0 and supermarket performance. The correlation values were 0.00 denoting statistically significant relationship as marketing 2.0 is the latest trend in marketing that focuses on leveraging digital and social media platforms to reach customers and drive sales. It involves using a customercentric approach to engage with customers, personalizing content and messaging, and leveraging data to create more effective campaigns. Therefore, it was recommended that researching on how digital technologies can be used to boost supermarket performance is essential as technology develops further and new digital solutions become accessible. Keywords: marketing 2.0, business performance, social media marketing
- ItemA study on stakeholder activities in the cocoa industry: evidence from the western north region(KNUST, 2023) TANDOH ERIC THEOPHILUSCocoa is a crucial commodity that confers several socioeconomic benefits to nations. The cocoa growing industry has many players or stakeholders who play specific roles to ensure efficiency and enhanced productivity within the industry. The aim of the current study was to explore the activities of the stakeholders within the cocoa industry in the Suaman District of the Western North Region. To achieve this goal, the study employed an exploratory research design and collected primary data to test the relationships of interest through the administration of questionnaires. A total of 100 participants comprising 50 local cocoa farmers and 50 staff of various lbcs were recruited for the study using the convenient and purposive sampling technique. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used for the analysis of the data gathered. Analysis of the results revealed that “planting shading trees or plants as protective cover for seedlings” was the most performed activity among cocoa farmers while “creating of fire belt around cocoa farms” was the least performed. In terms of activities of stakeholders, “in the event of accident your company shares risks with COCOBOD” recorded the lowest mean score while “your organization is affected by the overall outputs of cocoa farmers” had the highest mean score. The study recommends that future studies must use wider geographical area to explore the relations of interest. Future studies must also include other stakeholders within the cocoa industry to ascertain their roles in enhancing or disrupting the sustainability of the cocoa sector. Also, COCOBOD and lbcs must increase sensitization of local cocoa farmers to encourage them to use good farming practices. Finally, more agricultural institutions must be established to accommodate more extension officers who will facilitate the education and sensitization of stakeholders in the cocoa industry.
- ItemAccessibility of finance options and the level of satisfaction: a study of some selected business in the Sunyani municipality(KNUST, 2021) ADJEI PATIENCEThe role played by entrepreneurs in the economic development of countries cannot be overemphasized. Finance is an important component needed by an entrepreneur in setting up, and or maintaining a business. The objective of the study was to examine the finance options available to the Ghanaian entrepreneur, and evaluate the satisfaction the entrepreneur derives from the various options and come up with the best option by comparing the significant levels. The study was quantitative, and used a sample of 50 entrepreneurs from the population of entrepreneurs in Sunyani Municipality. Random sampling was used to select respondents. SPSS was used in coding, entry and analysis of the data, using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The study revealed that, the finance options or sources of finance mostly used by entrepreneurs are personal credit union, banks, micro finance, and Moneylenders. The study showed that, the entrepreneurs were satisfied with the various finance options with regards to service rendered and impact on business performance and it was also revealed that firm’s age have effect of finance option available to entrepreneurs. It was recommended that financial institutions create products that will motivate savings among entrepreneurs as well as the entrepreneurs should try to save by using it as a finance option. When this is done, the entrepreneurs will have to assess interest-free funds for their businesses
- ItemAccessibility, utilization and loan repayment performance by small and medium scale enterprises (smes) in suame municipal.(KNUST, 2023) Asante GloriaThe study assesses the accessibility, utilization and repayment of loans by SMEs in Suame Municipality. Data obtained from the field was analyzed based on the specific objectives that were to assess the access to credit by SMEs, examine the utilization of credits obtained by SMEs, assess the determinants of loan utilization and determine loan repayment performance by SMEs in Suame Municipality. The point biserial and chi squared tests were used to measure and evaluate the relationships between these determinants and whether the loan was used for its purpose of collection. Both the direction and degree of relationship were determined using these tests. Chi squared test was also used to measure and evaluate the relationship between the location of business and whether loan was used for its purpose as well as profit level of business and whether loan was used for its purpose. They were electronically computed using SPSS. Data analysis proved that accessing credit from financial institutions by SMEs in Suame Municipality was challenging due to the inability of SME owners and managers to provide the exact collateral, required guarantors or make special deposits. The study also revealed that most SMEs in Suame Municipality did not use the credit they obtained from the financial institutions for the purpose for which collected them. All the determinants measured had positive relationships with loan utilization with the exception of the number of employees. The study revealed that most SMEs in Suame Municipality had problem in repaying their loans or credits and this was due to factors, which included the loan characteristics, financial institution characteristics and business characteristics.
- ItemAccessing the impact of supply chain financing on organizational performance: the mediating role of supply chain integration(KNUST, 2023) Sebi SethThis research study aimed to access the impact of supply chain financing on organizational performance, and the mediating role of supply chain integration. The study utilized a survey methodology and focused on smes and manufacturing companies in Ghana in the Kumasi and Accra metropolis listed on the Ghana stock exchange and Ghana club 100, bankers, procurement professionals, and suppliers. A total of 200 respondents participated in the survey. The analysis of the collected data involved examining the link between supply chain finance on organizational performance and the mediating role of supply chain integration. In addition, the analysis also focused on the demographic and characteristics of firms from which the respondents were drawn. Next, the study evaluated the relationship between supply chain financing strategy and firm performance. The adoption of supply chain finance practices has been associated with advantages such as lower unit costs of procured goods, reduced supply disruptions, extended payment terms, and improved business continuity. The study's positive correlation supports the argument that effective supply chain financing can enhance a firm's overall performance. Furthermore, the study also investigated the influence of supply chain integration on firm performance. The study's finding underscores the idea that effective supply chain integration can contribute positively to a firm's overall performance. The study also analyses the direct and indirect results related to the mediating effect of supply chain integration on the relationship between supply chain financing strategy and organizational performance. The study's full mediation finding suggests that the positive effect of supply chain financing strategy on firm performance becomes significant only when supply chain integration is absent, highlighting the importance of an integrated approach for realizing the benefits of financing strategies.
- ItemAccountability, transparency and contribution. A case of church members of assemblies of god, western region (ghana)(KNUST, 2023) Acquah MichaelThis paper studied accountability, transparency and contribution in Assemblies of God church Ghana (Western region). The ingredients accountability and transparency are relevant to churches and other non-profitable organizations as it is to profit seeking organizations. The mismanagement and embezzlement of church funds is becoming prevalent in Africa and some parts in the western countries. Such shameful act has called for religious organization practicing accountability and transparency. The aim of this study was to examine the effect accountability and transparency have on contribution. This is a cross-sectional survey that employed structured questionnaire as the instrument to obtain information from respondents. A sample of two hundred and nineteen (219) comprising of pastors, leaders and members were drawn using non-probability technique. Purposive sampling was adopted and data was collected from respondents using close ended questionnaires. The normal linear regression model was used to analyze the data for the study. From the results of the study, the findings suggest that there is a strong positive and significant relationship between the independent variables (Accountability and Transparency) and the dependent variable (Contribution) thus an increase in the independent variables will lead to an increase in the dependent variable. The study concludes that accountability and transparency have a significant effect on contribution. The study hence recommends the Assemblies of God Church, Ghana to institute these measures suggested in raising funds from members in facilitating a smooth operation of the churches.
- ItemThe Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) by Ghanaian companies the level of compliance with reference to the preparation of financial statement.(November, 2015.) Acquaye, SandraBefore the adoption of IFRS among firms every country had its own reporting accounting standards which gave room to conflict when it comes to comparing financial statements from different countries. The move of business into the global economy has brought a lot of challenges in comparability, reliability and objectivity, this has therefore increased the need to move accounting standards into globalization. This study was conducted to know whether companies listed on Ghana stock exchange were actually complying with IFRS by Ghana since 2007 when it was adopted. The study used both primary and secondary data for data collection, primary source was questionnaires administered and for the secondary source published financial statements. The finding of the study was that over the years since compliance of IFRS has been made compulsory for all listed companies on the stock exchange, the level of compliance is high and the study was also able to identify some factors that influence the adoption of IFRS. The study recommends that there must be more training and education for both preparers and users of financial information. Also develop these standards in curricula sectors such as the universities to create more awareness for accounting students
- ItemAdvancing internal audit effectiveness at ghana police service: do independence and objectivity of internal auditors matter?(KNUST, 2023) Ang-Iravilaa Samwine GordenInternal audits have recently gained prominence worldwide due to severe bankruptcies, assets embezzlement, corporate fraud in false financial reporting, inflated revenues, and irregular transactions in the public sector. Internal audit effectiveness also promotes greater accountability, disclosure, and transparency to restore trust, market confidence, and shareholders. To achieve these, contemporary researchers pay attention to the objectivity and independence of internal auditors. This study extends prior studies to investigate whether internal auditors' objectivity and independence affect the educational directorate's internal audit effectiveness. Further, the study examines the critical challenges affecting internal audit effectiveness at Ghana Police Service (GPS). The study employs descriptive and explanatory designs in collecting cross-sectional primary data via questionnaires from the GPS directorate, Ejisu Municipality. The study uses Ordinary Least Square (OLS) models and other quantitative methods to analyze 194 respondents from the GPS units in Ghana. The study finds that the objectivity of internal auditors does not influence internal audit effectiveness; however, internal auditors' independence positively relates to internal audit effectiveness in Ghana. Management support and technology usage are the other variables that contribute to internal audit effectiveness. Also, the study concludes that poor service condition is the critical challenge facing the implementation of internal quality effectiveness at the directorate. Lastly, most staff at the directorate are not familiar with international auditing standards such as IFRS, IPSAS, and other applicable policies that enhance the effectiveness of internal audits.
- ItemAdvancing internal control effectiveness at ghana education service: do coso model variables matter?(KNUST, 2023) Adom-Amoah KingsleyThis study examines whether the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) model’s variables drive the effectiveness of internal control systems at Ghana Education Service (GES) due to the high increased demand for high-quality financial reporting and also, knowing the recent public outcry of corporate governance scandals and the ill use of public funds in some educational institutions in Ghana. The study used descriptive and quantitative approaches or methods to analyse the responses. Also, primary data using structured questionnaires were used to achieve the research objectives or questions stipulated for the study. The study found that four major factors (control environment and risk assessment activities, control activities and monitoring activities) were the contributing factors of the COSO model driving the effectiveness of GES in Ghana. The study recommended that there should be proper training and education on the use of modern technology or computerized accounting systems that can help internal control officials to detect financial omissions, monitor risk, and ensure internal control effectiveness. Management of GES Directorates should immediately develop a backup system for all data to safeguard the future total breakdown of the systems. Also, management should establish communication tools for members to channel any alleged improprieties for immediate action, and top managers and directors should involve all stakeholders of the directorates in making decisions. In addition to the above, the finance and administration as well as account office units should fully adobt the internal auditing and financial reporting standards such as ISA, IPSAS, IFRS and others in reporting accounting information. Management should liaise with professional accounting and auditing officials to help train the staff of Directorates on how to implement and comply with current international accounting and auditing standards. Finally, external audits should be done quarterly and not annually, and recommendations should be implemented by stakeholders.
- ItemAdvancing the financial performance of small businesses in ghana: does microfinancing matter?(KNUST, 2023) Sena Teyi Akosua JudithThe study examines the effect of microfinance products or services on the performance of small businesses in Ghana. Specifically, the study uses quantitative explanatory research to examine the nexus of MFI products or services (microcredit, savings, education, and insurance) including control variables such as gender, managerial competencies, owner’s age, nature of business or industry, business size) on the performance of small businesses in Ghana. The study uses descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum scores) and inferential statistics such as Pearson Correlation Analysis, and multiple linear regression on a sample size of 225 responses to help achieve the study’s objectives. The study finds that microloans affect sales growth (or levels) but not profit levels. Also, micro-savings affect the profit levels but not the sales growth and the insurance from MFIs affects the profitability of small businesses in Accra, however, it has no significant influence on the sales growth of businesses. Education provided by MFIs, on the other hand, increases both the sales and profit levels of small businesses in Ghana. The study recommends that for the profit levels of small businesses to be increased, nascent and prospective entrepreneurs need to focus on MFI products or services such as savings, insurance, and education (seminars or training from MFIs). Also, MFIs should increase the insurance packages to business owners to trust and have some assurance of cash in case of any operative or natural disaster. Moreover, MFIs should continue to offer education to small businesses consistently geared towards the performance of small businesses. Finally, MFIs and government agencies such as Microfinance and Small Loans Centre and National Board for Small Scale Industries should increase loan facilities including the duration of the loan, and the loan repayment should be spread over long periods.
- ItemAdvancing the performance of commercial banks in ghana: does quality of internal audit function matter?(KNUST, 2023) Afi Bedi BerniceThis study examines the nexus between the quality of internal audit (professional competence, audit independence, and audit quality) and the performance of banks in a developing country context, Ghana. The study uses an ordinary least square (OLS) regression model on a primary and secondary dataset of 20 banks over five years (2017 to 2021). The study finds that professional competence has an insignificant positive relationship with financial performance. However, audit independence and quality audit work have a positive and significant relationship with the performance of banks in Ghana. Also, bank size positively affects financial performance. Liquidity records a negative relationship with the bank's performance. Board size, however, records an insignificant positive relationship with the financial performance of banks in Ghana. The study concludes that audit independence, quality of audit work, and bank size increase banks' performance in Ghana. However, professional competencies of internal audit and board size do not predict the financial performance of banks; however, liquidity decreases banks' performance in Ghana. The study recommends there should be adequate professional training for internal audit staff to enhance audit quality which can help improve the effectiveness of internal audit functions. Management of banks should consider training and professional CPDs to enhance the professional competencies of internal auditors or internal audit staff. Finally, management, government agencies, potential investors, and other pertinent stakeholders of financial institutions should use the study's findings and other relevant to assess the bank's performance of banks in developing countries.
- ItemAn analysis into the effect of the public procurement act 663 as amended on productivity in the tarkwa-nsuaem municipal assembly: the mediating role of information communication technolgy (ict(KNUST, 2023) Brew Nana Yaw ErnestGovernment operations are carried out primarily through public procurement. It is the procedure by which the government acquires goods, works, and services from outside parties to carry out its operations. It is based on the five "rights," which are obtaining goods, works, or services at the right price, in the right quantity, in the right quality, delivered at the right time and place, and from the right source. Systems used by the government for purchasing are generally sound in terms of how they are set up and how they operate. Additionally, manual processes are linked to corrupt practices because public procurement has always been done that way. Once more, various executional flaws exist, and all these have impact on how well they perform. The study aimed to analyze the effect of the public procurement act 663 as amended on productivity in the public sector with the role of information communication technology as a mediating role. In light of this, the specific objectives were; to assess the public procurement act understanding by tarkwa-nsuaem municipal assembly procurement professionals, assessing the effects of public procurement act on tarkwa-nsuaem municipal assembly, evaluating tarkwa-nsuaem municipal assembly's application of information and communication technology in their procurement process, determining the difficulties tarkwa-nsuaem municipal assembly encounters when acquiring goods, services, and works in accordance with the procurement act and examining tarkwa-nsuaem municipal assembly's compliance using public procurement act. A well-structured, closed-ended questionnaire was given to respondents in the assemblies as part of the study's methodology, which was quantitative in nature. Data received were analysed using frequencies, percentages, standard deviation and mean score ranking which was aided by statistical package for social sciences (spss). The key findings of the study indicated that public procurement act is a critical determinant of public sector's level of procurement efficiency and is required for a successful procurement plan, choice of procurement method, tender procedures, selection of evaluation panel, selection of potential suppliers/contractors/service providers and the disposal of stores items, vehicles and capital equipment. Additionally, it was discovered that public procurement professionals adhered to the public procurement act in their day-to-day operations and could ensure a successful procurement cycle, encompassing pre-tendering, tendering, and post-tendering. Also, the adoption of e-procurement, an ict application, had several benefits, making it simple for organizations like the public sector to recognize the need to reduce wasteful spending and irregularities in the acquisition of products, services, and works to replace the practice of manual procurement. The results further showed that the adoption of ict served as a mediating factor which aided in the application of public procurement act 663, as amended, on productivity in the public sector. Nevertheless, the uncomfortable internet connection, the difficulty in securing suppliers' electronic participation, and the integration of the internal and external environments were a few of the difficulties in implementing information communication technology in the public sector's practice of public procurement. It is therefore recommended that information communication technology (ict) tools like the Ghana electronic procurement system (ghaneps) should be fully and adequately operated by public sector organisations to positively impact their productivity. Suppliers, service providers and contractors who are unwilling to cooperate with the adoption of ict tools like ghaneps and gifmis must be engaged effectively to educate them on the essence and effectiveness of the adoption of ict which would help centralize all procurement activities, increase effectiveness, productivity, and personal performance. Although the assembly's procurement committee members and suppliers/contractors/service providers are aware of the act's requirements, they lack the knowledge necessary to completely comply with the law. Thus, it is advised that the public procurement authority (ppa) provide frequent training sessions to introduce those participating in the procurement process to the guidelines and procedures for carrying out the act.
- ItemAn assessment of financial control practices in ankaful psychiatric nursing training college(KNUST, 2021) Dosu Rhoda DzigbodiThis study investigates the financial control practices in ankaful psychiatric nursing training college. Essentially, the study focuses on establishing the specific financial controls existing in the apntc, the challenges to their effective operation, and the strategies or ways to enhance its effective operation. In achieving a robust result, the study employed the use of descriptive research design with a quantitative approach and a case study strategy. The study solicited for information through the use of questionnaire by using the purposive sampling technique from 32 respondents. The study found that there exist financial controls in the institution with 5 key financial controls in the institution including budget control, debt management, expenditure/resource control, financial audit and accounting information systems. The study also found that the dominant challenges affecting the effective operation of financial controls include: inadequate training on financial control system, inadequate supervision, and irregular monitoring of activities. The study also found that the key strategies relevant to enhancing the effective operation of the financial controls comprise regular training of staff on financial control mechanism, strict enforcement of existing control policies by management, and regular monitoring to improve compliance. The study therefore concludes that apntc has put in place effective financial control practices to take care of their financial activities and transactions in apntc but there are some significant challenges confronting them which require adequate stringent measure to improve on the level of effectiveness.
- ItemAn assessment of financial management practices of ga south municipal health directorate.(KNUST, 2021) HAMMOND PRINCE DEBRAThe management of financial resources is regarded as a very important facet in the improvement of the healthcare systems of developing countries. The general objective of this study is to examine the public financial management practices of public health institutions in Ghana. The population for the study is all the public health facilities within the Ga South Municipal Health Directorate. The sampling technique chosen for this study is the quota sampling method and purposive sampling method. This study used primary data for this study. In gathering the primary data from respondents, interviews were the main instruments used. The study found out that their major sources of inflows are from the cash they received from patients who come to the hospitals. Thus main sources of revenue for the health facilities in the Ga South Municipal Health Directorate are the inflows they received from the national health insurance scheme and inflows from the cash and carry system. The study again found out the budget is one of the significant activities in the financial planning activities of the hospitals and that the budgeting process starts with the submission of budget plans from the various units and departments of the hospitals. Again the study found out that the hospital derives its internal control system from the Financial Administration Regulations, 2004. The study recommended Ghana Health Service and Ministry of Health should endeavor to organize training seminars to educate employees in the health institutions about the content of these legal regulations to enhance the financial management practices of public hospitals in the country
- ItemAn assessment of internal audits effectiveness of construction firms in ghana: a case study of space schedulers company limited(KNUST, 2023) Otibo EzekielThe study adds to the global debate on private sector audit by examining whether internal auditor independence, internal auditor competence, and control environment affect internal audit effectiveness in construction firms using Space Schedulers Company Limited (SSCL) as a case study. The study uses descriptive and explanatory designs using quantitative analysis to achieve research objectives. The study uses seventy respondents across various units directly related to auditing procedures and employs the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) model and other statistical analyses to achieve the study's objectives. The study finds that the efficiency of private sector audits in Ghana's construction sector is due to internal audit competencies and control of environmental systems. The study recommends that internal auditors are encouraged to be professionally certified accountants in evaluating auditing issues in construction firms in Ghana. Also, stakeholders such as directors, supervisors, and other top management should allow internal auditors to perform their professional obligations without fear independently to increase internal audit effectiveness. There should be proper training and education on modern technology or computerized accounting systems to help internal auditors detect financial omissions, monitor risk, and ensure adequate internal control environment systems. Other practical and theoretical implications are discussed in the study.
- ItemAn assessment of the contribution of grameen-Ghana lending to the growth of small and medium enterprise in tamale metropolis(KNUST, 2021) ZAKARIA MOHAMMEDGrameen-Ghana provides microfinance to low-income clients, including self employed and low earning individuals who are working in informal sectors. The study objective is an assessment of the contribution of Grameen-Ghana lending to the growth of small and medium enterprise in Tamale metropolis. Descriptive design was selected in this study because it allowed the researcher to gather numerical and descriptive data to assess the relationship between the variables. The study used probability sampling techniques to create a sampling frame for small and medium enterprises. Data collected from questionnaire was analyzed, summarized, and interpreted accordingly with the aid of SPSS statistical techniques such as total score and simple averages and percentages were used. The study also used key informant interview to complement the questionnaires. It was found that Grameen-Ghana lending and the growth of small and medium enterprise in the Tamale Metropolis have a positive relationship. The study also found that only a small percentage of the smes in the Tamale Metropolis are beneficiaries of the Grameen-Ghana lending services. Smes patronage of Grameen-Ghana loans was high because of the easy access, though there were some loan processing delays, stringent repayment terms and high transactional cost. Productivity is high as well as profitability among beneficiary smes of Grameen-Ghana loans. The study recommends the need for Government and other partners to facilitate the accessibility of credit for smes from the mfis and minimize collateral conditions.
- ItemAn assessment of the corporate governance structure of petroleum commission Ghana(KNUST, 2021) Sanwu Portia Afua AwuahThe thesis assesses the corporate governance structure of Petroleum Commission Ghana. The study adopted the descriptive research design and quantitative research approach. Structured questionnaire and purposive sampling technique were used to select the respondents. The study found that the board followed certified performance indicators to monitor the progress of the commission towards the accomplishment of strategic objectives and the board as well takes a timely and counteractive actions in case the objectives are not being achieved. Also, there are a clearly defined roles and responsibilities of the board written in documentation for which are constantly pursue by the board members with a higher level of independence assured by extremely attentive and accountable committees and task forces especially in a high-level discussion by the board. Again, the study has revealed that the board meetings are frequently held which boost timely decision making and per the attendance level, it promotes inclusive dialogue and decision making. Also, enough time is saved to ensure effective discussion and act efficiently on relevant strategic matters. Lastly, the performance of CEO is frequently monitored and assessed every year on which the CEOs are compensated. However, the CEO’s compensation scheme does not stimulate, and rewards extraordinary performance and it is not regularly examined by the board. The study found that, governance structure has no significant relationship with employee participation. Meanwhile, the study found that, governance structure has significant correlation with operational performance. Lastly, the study found that, employee participation has significant relationship with operational performance. The study recommends that management of organizations should consider smaller size boards as compared to larger board sizes to enable them to foster their decision making. Also, smaller boards will enable the organization reduce cost associated with larger board sizes.
- ItemAn assessment of the effectiveness of credit risk management in microfinance institutions in kumasi metropolis”.(KNUST, 2023) Frimpong Peprah EmmanuelThe research's goal was to evaluate the influence of credit risk management on the liquidity position of Ghanaian microfinance companies: a case study of selected MFIs in the Kumasi Metropolis. The descriptive research design was employed by the researcher. The quantitative research method was applied. The study's target population consisted of 156 workers from selected MFIs in the Kumasi Metropolitan Area. The census approach was utilised to pick all 156 research participants. The major data collection tool was a questionnaire. The questionnaire was analysed using statistical methods such as frequencies, percentages, and mean. Staff training, client project review, internal controls, customer affordability calculation, credit granting policy, debt collection strategies, and credit scoring models were identified as credit risk reduction measures employed by the MFI to manage loan default. MFI assessed the following aspects before issuing loans to clients: capacity to pay, future prospects of the business, profitability of the firm, cash flow statement, profit and loss statement, security, customer character, borrower payback history, and credit utilisation experience. Overreliance on guarantors, carelessness and poor underwriting, as evidenced by inadequate loan documentation, a lack of current financial information, and a lack of protective covenants in the loan agreement, communication ineffectiveness, and ineffective loan monitoring, all contribute to loan default. To increase loan recovery at the MFI, the research advised that management organise frequent workshops and seminars to train credit officers on loan approval, credit assessment procedures, loan supervision tactics, and monitoring strategies.
- ItemAn assessment of the effectiveness of the internal control systems at pbc limited in the western north region of Ghana(KNUST, 2021) Oduro Temeng SamuelThis study therefore seeks to identify and discuss the internal control mechanism in PBC Ltd in relation to fraud prevention, misappropriation of funds, the benefits it derives in the implementation of internal control and the challenges PBC Ltd encounters in the implementation of its internal controls. The research adopted both qualitative and quantitative approach involving the use of questionnaire and structured interview. Quantitative research method involves collecting and interpreting numerical data or one that has been quantified while the qualitative involved face-to-face verbal questioning and responses which were presented thematically. The target population included all management and employees of PBC Ltd in the Six Regions of Ghana, namely Ashanti, Brono Ahafa, Western, Eastern, Volta and Central regions. The study however used Western North (Sefwi –Wiawso) Region of Ghana, since it was not possible to use all the six regions for this study. The target population from which the sample was taken was therefore 1056, constituting permanent staff and non –permanent staff workers. It was empirically proven that the internal control system at PBC Ltd was quite effective due to the fact that the company had defined organizational structure and assigned duties and responsibilities that made control very effective. The study further revealed that internal auditors enjoy some degree of independence while it was able to maximize the use of IT to track the system. It was proven empirically also that the company has effective board of directors and competent management to formulate policies and procedures that aided the smooth implementation of the designed internal control. Despite the fact that majority of the respondents agree that internal audit enjoys some degree of independence, it was agreed also that they only enjoyed partial independence. It behooves that well-functioning audit committee should be constituted to give more strength to the auditors and further ensure their independence.