Browsing by Author "Donkor, Peter"

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    Comparison of childhood household injuries and risk factors between urban and rural communities in Ghana: A cluster-randomized, population-based, survey to inform injury prevention research and programming
    (Injury, 2021) Stewart, Barclay; Gyedu, Adam; Otupiri, Easmon; Nakua, Emmanuel; Boakye, Godfred; Mehta, Kajal; Donkor, Peter; Mock, Charles; 0000-0001-8986-1648
    Background: Childhood household injuries incur a major proportion of the global disease burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, household injury hazards are differentially distributed across developed environments. Therefore, we aimed to compare incidence of childhood household injuries and prevalence of risk factors between communities in urban and rural Ghana to inform prevention initiatives.Methods: Data from urban and a rural cluster-randomized, population-based surveys of caregivers of children <5 years in Ghana were combined. In both studies, caregivers were interviewed about childhood injuries that occurred within the past 6 months and 200 meters of the home that resulted in missed school/work, hospitalization, and/or death. Sampling weights were applied, injuries and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were described, and multi-level regression was used to identify and compare risk factors. Results: We sampled 200 urban and 357 rural households that represented 20,575 children in Asawase and 14,032 children in Amakom, Ghana, respectively. There were 143 and 351 injuries in our urban and rural samples, which equated to 594 and 542 injuries per 1,000 child-years, respectively (IRR 1.09, 95%CI 1.05-1.14). Toddler-aged children had the highest odds of injury both urban and rural communities (OR 3.77 vs 3.17, 95%CI 1.34-10.55 vs 1.86-5.42 compared to infants, respectively). Urban children were more commonly injured by falling (IRR 1.50, 95%CI 1.41-1.60), but less commonly injured by flame/hot sub stances (IRR 0.51, 95%CI 0.44-0.59), violence (IRR 0.41, 95%CI 0.36-0.48), or motor vehicle (IRR 0.50, 95%CI 0.39-0.63). Rural households that cooked outside of the home (OR 0.36, 95%CI 0.22-0.60) and that also supervised older children (OR 0.33, 95%CI 0.17-0.62) had lower odds of childhood injuries than those that did not. Conclusions: Childhood injuries were similarly common in both urban and rural Ghana, but with different patterns of mechanisms and risk factors that must be taken into account when planning prevention strategies. However, the data suggest that several interventions could be effective, including: community-based, multi-strategy initiatives (e.g., home hazard reduction, provision of safety equipment, establishing community creches); traffic calming interventions in rural community clusters; and passive injury surveillance systems that collect data to inform violence and broader prevention strategies.
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    Impact of land rights on cost of Government projects: The case of karpowership project in Sekondi – Western Region.
    (2021-06-22) Donkor, Peter
    The study aimed at assessing the impact of land rights on project cost overruns in the delivery of governmental projects in Sekondi - Takoradi focusing on the Karpowership project. With this aim, two (2) objectives were set which were to identify the contribution of property rights to construction cost overruns and delays of the Karpowership project located at Sekondi and to identify the factors that leads to poor property rights management in construction at Karpoweship project located at Sekondi. The study adopted the mixed research approach in collecting data. The data was collected with the aid of a structured interview and structured questionnaire. In all, thirty-nine (39) respondents were targeted however, thirty-three (33) respondents were available to respond to the questionnaire. The data collected were analysed using content analysis and mean score ranking. From the analysis, it was realized that, the delays in projects are caused by court injunctions on the Land. These injunctions are normally secured by the owners of the land against the contractor and its assigns from carrying out their work. Also, it was realized that, the payment of compensation is a major cause of increase in cost of a project. In accordance with the 1962 State Lands Act (Act 125), Compensation is due and payable if there is no controversy in the claim lodged and the amount claimed is considered reasonable or if the claimant has negotiated successfully with the government on entitlements based on equivalence of loss sustained. Also, it was realized that, inadequate time allowed for reengagement, resistance from documented right owners and opportunity offered to undocumented rights are the major factors affecting property rights management. Based on the findings, it was recommended that, Institutions responsible for community engagements must endeavour to cover all rights. Property Rights Computations for compensation purposes must have the long-term view by setting aside a percentage of the compensable sum aside to address undocumented property rights that have the potential of igniting a court suit.