Cross-sectional study of association between psychosocial stressors with chronic kidney disease among migrant and non-migrant Ghanaians living in Europe and Ghana: the RODAM study
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Date
2019
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Open Access
Abstract
Objectives The association between psychosocial
stressors (PS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among
sub-Saharan African (SSA) populations is unknown. We
examined the association between PS and CKD prevalence
among rural and urban Ghanaians and Ghanaian migrants
living in three European cities. We also assessed if the
influence of PS on CKD is partially mediated by primary
risk factors (hypertension and diabetes) of CKD.
Design A multi-centred cross sectional data from the
Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants
study.
Setting Rural and urban Ghana and three European cities
(Amsterdam, Berlin and London).
Participants A random sample of 5659 adults (Europe
3167, rural Ghana 1043 and urban Ghana 1449) aged
25–70 years.
Explanatory measures PS defined by negative life
events, perceived discrimination, perceived stress at work/
home and depressive symptoms. Three CKD outcomes
were considered using the 2012 Kidney Disease:
Improving Global Outcomes severity of CKD classification.
Comparisons between PS and CKD outcomes were made
using logistic regression analyses across all sites.
Results We observed higher proportion of negative life
events (68.7%) and perceived permanent stress (15.9%)
among Ghanaians living in Ghana than Ghanaians living
in Europe. Depressive symptoms (7.5%) and perceived
discrimination (29.7%) were more common among
Ghanaians living in Europe than Ghanaians living in Ghana.
No significant association was observed between any of
the PS constructs and CKD outcomes across sites except
for positive association between stress at work/home
and albuminuria (2.81, 95% CI 1.46 to 5.40) and CKD risk
(2.78, 95% CI 1.43 to 5.43) among Ghanaians living in
Berlin.
Conclusion Our study found a positive association
between stress at work/home and albuminuria and CKD
risk. There was no convincing evidence of associations
between the other PS constructs and the prevalence of
CKD risk. Further studies are needed to identify potential
Description
This article is published by Open Access and is also available at http://bmjopen.bmj.com/
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Citation
Adjei DN, Stronks K, Adu D, et al. Cross-sectional study of association between psychosocial stressors with chronic kidney disease among migrant and non migrant Ghanaians living in Europe and Ghana