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Title: | Prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis and evaluation of factors affecting the management of tuberculosis in Northern Region |
Authors: | Aidoo, Matthew Duwiejua, Mahama |
Issue Date: | 23-Jul-2021 |
Abstract: | It is known that one of the weakest links of the TB control in the country is identification and
treatment of drug resistant TB patients, thus prevalence of drug resistant TB in treatment
centres are unknown. Also, inadequate TB treatment success rate with high mortality
constitute an important challenge of TB control in Ghana. For the country to achieve the
targets in the “End TB strategy”, it is essential to identify treatment center specific challenges
earlier and find solutions to improve the situation. The study thus, aimed to investigate the
prevalence of drug resistant TB, and treatment outcomes of TB and to find out compliance
with the NTP treatment guidelines as well as drug/diagnostic availability in the Tamale
Teaching Hospital TB clinic, Northern region. Drug susceptibility testing to first-line anti-TB
medicines was performed on mycobacterial isolates from new TB patients in a cross sectional
study (2017–2018) in the study site. In a separate exercise, review of treatment outcomes,
and compliance with the NTP diagnosis and treatment guidelines of TB records (2015–2017)
was conducted. Also, a mixed method study of availability of logistics for diagnosis and
treatment of TB was carried out. Out of the 29 isolates analyzed, 17.2% were drug resistant
which comprised of 6.9% isoniazid mono-resistant, 6.9% streptomycin mono-resistant and
3.4% isoniazid/streptomycin poly-drug resistant. From the 520 patients records reviewed, TB
treatment success rate was 62.1% and unsuccessful outcome of 13.5% lost to follow-up, 0.6%
failure and 23.8% death was observed. It was realized that 27.7% and 37.5% of TB cases did
not comply with the NTP diagnosis and treatment guidelines respectively. It was recognized
that only smear microscopy was used for TB diagnosis in the study site, 10% of anti-TB
medicines was available at time of the survey, and 72% in the previous 12 months before the
study. A predominance of primary drug resistance to isoniazid and streptomycin was
observed. TB treatment outcomes was poor with high mortality rate. Compliance of diagnosis
and treatment of TB with the NTP guidelines was unsatisfactory. There was inadequate
logistics for diagnosis of TB and high stock out of anti-TB medicines. |
Description: | A thesis submitted to the Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Award of Degree in Master of Philosophy in Clinical Pharmacology .September, 2019 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/14502 |
Appears in Collections: | College of Health Sciences
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