Exposure to heavy metal and kidney function among adults population residing near an open dumpsite: a cross-sectional study at Abokobi, in the Ga East municipal assembly
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Date
SEPTEMBER, 2019
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Abstract
Waste in open dumps often becomes breeding grounds for lot things and other likely
carriers of communicable diseases. Although open waste dumpsite are known in
Ghana, there appears to be little research undertaken on them. The study sought to
assess the prevalence of renal parameters and the levels of toxic metals in the
environmental and biological media (urine and blood) in adults residing near Abokobi
Dump site in the Ga East Municipality. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the
frequency and percentages on the demographic characteristics of the participant.
Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the
outcome variable and exposure variables. Both Unadjusted Odds Ratio and Adjusted
Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to show an association between
the outcome variable and the independent variables. The determinant of symptoms of
renal infection was smoke (40.64%). Except for Manganese and Silver, urine residual
levels of Zinc, Cadmium and Lead were high. Similarly, the indicators of kidney
function proportions in the blood samples of the participant were within detection
level. There was no significant association between self-reported symptoms of renal
infection and occupational exposure to heavy metals in urine samples. There was
significant association between heavy metals and kidney function in blood samples.
For example, the proportion of participant who had traces of BUN in blood was 0.08
times more likely to have Manganese in their urine (COR=0.08; 95%CI=0.01-1.06).
There was no significant association between heavy metals in urine and occupational
exposure to heavy metals. The study concluded that the prevalence of renal
parameters, smoke, was high. Additionally, there was no significant association
between symptoms of renal infection and exposure to heavy metals, but there was
significant association between persistent urge to urinate, frequency of urination,
lower abdominal pain, pain whiles urinating and indicators of kidney infection
Description
This dissertation is submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Master of Science degree in Environment and Public Health.
Keywords
Heavy metal, Kidney function, Adults population, Abokobi