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Browsing College of Science by Subject "KATH"
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- ItemAssessing the prevalence and risk factors of neural tube defects at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi(JUNE 2019) Ankwah, Yaa Konadu;Neural tube defect (NTD) is caused by folic acid deficiency, hereditary, lifestyle, environmental factors and chromosomal abnormalities, and among others it is a remarkable public health burden. However, the documented Ghana health literature is devoid of research studies on prevalence and causes of NTD in Kumasi Metropolis. This study therefore assessed the prevalence and risk factors of NTD at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Kumasi. The participants in this study were mothers of both live babies with and without NTDs born between the period of January, 2012 to December, 2016. The study collected both primary and secondary data from 65 mothers of babies born with NTD and 65 mothers of babies born without NTD at the Mother and Baby Unit (MBU) of KATH. The secondary data were collected from the medical records of the babies with NTD and their mothers while primary data were collected through administration of structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed quantitatively with the help of SPSS version 21.0. The study found out that the prevalence of NTD at KATH was 2.63 per 1000. The commonest type of NTD diagnosed was Meningocele. As mothers advanced in age the likelihood of neural tube defects significantly decreases. Mothers in urban communities had significantly less likelihood to give birth to babies with neural tube defects than mothers in rural communities. Single mothers had higher likelihood of giving birth to babies with neural tube defects than married mothers. Mothers with lower educational level had higher likelihood of giving birth to babies with neural tube defects. Folic acid intake before pregnancy (one year before pregnancy) reduced the likelihood of giving birth to babies with neural tube defects. Mothers in the test group were diagnosed of anaemia and eclampsia more than mothers in the controlled group. Gestational diabetic mothers exposed to smoke from firewood and anemic mothers living in dusty environment had highly significant likelihood of giving birth to babies with NTD. Pregnant women should be educated on nutrition and healthy life style at healthcare facilities as part of their antenatal. Pregnant women should also be made aware of their risk factors to help them know how to interact with the environment to prevent the occurrence of NTDs. Ministry of Health should further embark on massive folic acid intake education to help reduce the occurrence of NTDs.
- ItemA parametric model for estimating force of infection for hepatitis B-case study Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital(October 20, 2019) Opoku-Addo, Emmanuel Kwame;Serological data are increasingly being used in monitoring the transmission of infec tious deseases. The aim of this study is to estimate the age-dependent force infection for patients show ing symptoms of hepatitis B virus (HBV). A secondary data was obtained from the serology department at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH,January 2013- June 2016). A total of 18,528 blood donors and people coming to the serology department to test for antigen in the blood voluntarily. Linear and quadratic age-dependent logits models was suitable for the mean preva lence of HBV, with a significant negative linear and positive quadratic effect respec tively. From the results, the prevalence increase from a lower age to age 40 decrease at a higher ages and the estimated force of infection (FOI) is higher at lower ages de creasing to age 26 and increases to age 52. In conclusion, the prevalence of HBV is higher at age 40 and the FOI is lower at 26 but higher at ages 2 and 52.